In the industrial sector, powered industrial trucks (PITs)—such as forklifts, lift trucks, and other mobile equipment—play a critical role in everyday operations. However, their presence also creates a unique set of safety hazards, particularly for pedestrians working in close proximity. Both operators and those working around these machines share the responsibility of minimizing risks. Powered Industrial Truck safety isn’t just the responsibility of operators; it’s a culture and a commitment shared by everyone in the workplace.
Why PIT Pedestrian Safety Matters
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has identified powered industrial trucks as a key area of focus for safety in Region 5 (which includes Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin). This local emphasis program (LEP) targets the safe operation of PITs and highlights the critical need for regular evaluations, training, and safety protocols to reduce workplace accidents. OSHA’s LEP shows how common PIT hazards are—and how preventable these incidents can be with the right precautions.
The Operator’s Responsibilities
As operators maneuver PITs through workplaces, they hold a significant responsibility for ensuring the safety of those around them. Here are some essential practices that operators must follow:
- Conduct Pre-Operation Inspections: Before operating the PIT, operators must complete a pre-shift inspection. This includes checking brakes, steering, horn, lights, and other controls to ensure the equipment is safe to operate. OSHA recommends this daily practice as it reduces the chance of mechanical failures during operation.
- Control Speed and Maintain Awareness: Operators should always drive at a speed that allows them to stop safely within the equipment’s braking distance. Particularly in areas with pedestrian activity, speed should be minimized, and corners should be approached with caution. Sudden stops or turns can increase the likelihood of tipping or collisions.
- Use Audible and Visual Warnings: Use the horn and other alert systems, like lights or alarms, to signal movement. When backing up, or moving through high-traffic zones, it’s crucial to alert anyone nearby. Many PITs come equipped with backup alarms and flashing lights for this purpose.
- Respect Designated Paths and Rules: Follow designated travel paths and adhere to traffic flow rules, especially in facilities with shared spaces between PITs and pedestrians. These guidelines help create predictable movement and reduce the risk of unexpected encounters.
- Stay Focused on the Task: Distractions can lead to accidents, so operators must stay fully engaged with the task at hand. Avoid phone use or conversations that can shift focus away from safe operation.
The Responsibilities of Pedestrians Working Near PITs
Workers who operate around PITs have a role in maintaining their own safety, too. Awareness and caution are key.
- Stay in Designated Walkways: Most facilities have designated pedestrian walkways marked on the floor or with barriers. Staying within these areas helps minimize the chances of crossing paths with PITs.
- Be Aware of Your Surroundings: Pay attention to PIT movements and be conscious of blind spots where operators may not be able to see you. Understanding the visibility limitations of PITs can help pedestrians avoid hazardous spots.
- Avoid Assumptions and Stay Alert: Never assume an operator sees you or will stop for you. Operators may be focused on a task or load, so it’s important for pedestrians to avoid walking too close to PITs or crossing their path suddenly.
- Use Communication and Eye Contact: If you must work near a PIT, make eye contact with the operator before crossing their path. This ensures the operator is aware of your presence and can respond accordingly.
- Follow Safety Protocols and Wear PPE: If working in a high-traffic area, wear high-visibility clothing and any required personal protective equipment (PPE). Even if the task seems routine, PPE can be critical in preventing injury.
OSHA’s Region 5 Local Emphasis Program for PITs
In light of the frequent incidents and near-misses involving PITs, OSHA’s Region 5 launched a Local Emphasis Program specifically focused on PIT safety. This program prioritizes inspections and provides enforcement to make sure companies are complying with necessary safety standards for PIT operations. Inspections are often unannounced and assess factors such as equipment maintenance, operator training, and pedestrian safety protocols.
For organizations in Region 5, this LEP underscores the need for compliance and reinforces the importance of regular training and safety program evaluations. The program’s goal is not only to enforce standards but to encourage a culture of safety where operators and pedestrians alike are vigilant and educated.
Building a Culture of Shared Responsibility
Reducing PIT accidents requires a combined effort from both operators and pedestrians. By fostering a culture that emphasizes communication, training, and adherence to safety protocols, we can create safer workplaces where everyone is looking out for each other. Each individual’s commitment to safety strengthens the overall protection for all.